Estudios Teosoficos.
Satyat Nasti Paro Dharman—No Hay Religion Mas Elevada Que La Verdad
1891—1892 Semimonthly, then monthly
Barcelona, Spain. Language: Spanish. Editor: Francisco Montoliu y Togores, J. Roviralta Borrell. Succeeded by: Sophia
1/1, February 1891-3/3, December 1892. 16 pp. (32 pp. beginning with monthly publication in January 1892).

This was the first Theosophical journal in Spain. It was started by Montoliu, an intense young man who first heard of Theosophy upon finding a copy of Revue Theosophique, wrote to H.P. Blavatsky in London, learned English in three months to allow him to read her works, and almost immediately translated Isis Unveiled into Spanish. He and Jose Xifre were the first to join, through the Hermes branch in Paris, and soon were gathering together small groups in Madrid to study Theosophy. Montoliu moved to Barcelona and started this journal in 1891, supplying a large part of the content by translations or articles under the name "Nemo," explaining the purposes and goals of the Theosophical Society. The journal also notably carried a chapter of Bulwer Lytton's "Una Extrana Historia," Bournouf's "El Buddhismo en Occidento," a series on Ocultismo Practico," and J. Campbell Ver Planck's "Catecismo Teosefico para Ninos," and reported on Theosophical events worldwide. It followed carefully the debate then taking place in the French occult journals and in Lucifer over the relative roles of Buddhism and Christianity in Theosophy. The journal had contributions by and excerpts from W.R. Old, Alexander Fullerton, Franz Hartmann, G.R.S. Mead, Florencio Pol, Rene Caillie, J. Roviralta Borrell, et al. The Theosophist in 1892 notes that the journal had a monthly circulation of 400, but its influence was far greater since the local branch printed up 3,700 copies of back issues to send to South America and the rest of Spain. Montoliu died on May 10, 1892, in the midst of the furor over the peculation, fraud, arrest, jailing, and expulsion of one of the Barcelona branch's members—the Count of Das—who came close to capsizing the society. He later traveled the world as Alberto de Sarak, Count of Das, starting Theosophical branches and occult societies and journals and leaving in his wake what has been knowledgeably described as hundreds of victims. The story appears in this journal in 1892. On Sarak, see the note under The Radiant Centre. The Theosophical cause in Spain was taken up the next year in Sophia, published in Madrid by Xifre, which claimed proudly that it had been founded by Montoliu.

Vincente More has created a chronological list of many of the important Spanish Theosophical journals that will aid in studying Theosophy in Spain as a whole:

Estudios Theosoficos, Barcelona, 1891-1892
Sophia, Madrid, 1893-1914
Antahkarana, Barcelona, 1894-1896
Loto Blanco, Barcelona, 1917-1932
Hesperia, Madrid, 1921-1925
Zanoni, Seville, 1921-1925
Sophia, Madrid, 1924-1926
Fiat Lux, Valencia, 1927-1928
Sophia, Barcelona, 1931-1932
Teosofia, Barcelona, 1932-1936
Sophia, Barcelona, 1936

Vincente Penalva More, El Orientalismo en la Cultura Espanola en el Primer Tercio del s. XX: La Sociedad Teosofica Expanola(1888-1940), doctoral disseration, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, 2013.

In addition, the following (q.v.) should be noted:

El Heraldo, 1885 (possibly Theosophical)
Biblioteca Teoseofia de las Maravillas, Madrid 1900s
Heraldo de la Estrella, Barcelona, c1914
Cadena de Oro, Madrid, 1920
Boletin de la Sociedad Teosofica de Espana, Madrid, c1921-1929
Boletin Trimestral de la Sociedad Teosofica de Espana, Barcelona, 1922
Revista Teosofica, Seville, 1922
Aurora, Madrid, 1925-1927
Boletin Internacional de la Estrella, Madrid, 1928-1933
Madrid, 1932-1935
Hoja Mensual de la Rama Bilbao, c1933

Archivo General de la Guerra Civil Espanola.

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