Echo d'Alem-Tumulo, O.
Monitor d'o Spiritismo 'n-o Brazil.
Other titles: O eco AlemTumulo
1869--1871 Bimonthly
Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Language: Portuguese.
Editor: Luis Olimpio Teles de Menezes.
1/1, July 1869-1871.
56 pp., 9,000 reis a year in Bahia, 11,000 elsewhere in Brazil, and 12,000 abroad.

This was the first of an enormous wave of spiritist journals in Brazil that continues today. It was followed by the Revista Espirita founded in Corte in 1875. As might be expected, the journal was strongly Kardecist in its beliefs and ignored almost completely the spiritualism that had been the progenitor of the movement, although it found space for discussion of "ecstasy and the mediumistic faculty" historically (the Convulsionaires of St.-Medard and the Cevennes, etc.). It also devoted considerable space to demonstrating that spiritism was not the work of demons, that it led to moral improvement, and similar topics. Noted and described in "Bibliographie," Revue Spirite 12/11 (November 1869). Teles de Menezes (1825-1893), who is the first to translate one of Allan Kardec's works into Portuguese, is said to have devoted 1000 reis from each subscription to the journal to buy manumission for slaves born in Brazil, without regard to color or sex, between the ages of 4 and 7. His pioneering work was honored on the 100th anniversary of the journal by a Brazilian stamp with his picture. Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro.

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